Telephone Care Co-ordination for Tobacco Cessation: randomized Trials Testing Proactive Versus React
Wednesday, January 17, 2018
Posted by: Natalia Gromov
Sherman SE, Krebs P, York LS, et al
Telephone Care Co-ordination for Tobacco Cessation: randomized Trials Testing Proactive Versus Reactive Models.
Tobacco Control 2018;27:78-82.
We conducted two parallel studies evaluating the effectiveness of proactive and reactive engagement approaches to telephone treatment for smoking cessation. Patients who smoked and were interested in quitting were referred to this study and were eligible if they were current smokers and had an address and a telephone number. The data were collected at 35 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) sites, part of four VA medical centers in both California and Nevada. In study 1, participants received multi-session counseling from the California Smokers’ Helpline (quitline). In study 2, they received self-help materials only. Patients were randomly assigned by week to either proactive or reactive engagement, and primary care staff were blind to this assignment. Providers gave brief advice and referred them via the electronic health record to a tobacco coordinator. All patients were offered cessation medications. Using complete case analysis, in study 1 (quitline), patients in the proactive condition were more likely than those in the reactive condition to report abstinence at 6 months (21.0% vs 16.4%, p=0.03). No difference was found between conditions in study 2 (self-help) (16.9% vs 16.5%, p=0.88). Proactive outreach resulted in increased use of cessation medications in both the quitline (70.1% vs 57.6%, p<0.0001) and the self-help studies (74.5% vs 48.2%, p<0.0001). Proactive outreach with quitline intervention was associated with greater long-term abstinence. Both studies resulted in high rates of medication use. Sites should use a proactive outreach approach and provide counseling whenever possible.
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