A Randomized Pilot of a Tailored Smoking Cessation Quitline Intervention for Individuals who Smoke a
Thursday, November 17, 2022
Posted by: Natalia Gromov
Vickerman KA, Carpenter KM,
Miles LN, et al.
A Randomized Pilot of a
Tailored Smoking Cessation Quitline Intervention for Individuals who Smoke and
Vape.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2022;24(11):1811-1820. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntac129
Introduction. Although
e-cigarettes are not a federally approved tobacco cessation aid in the United
States, many smokers use them to quit or cut down on smoking. Tailored
behavioral support could improve rates of complete smoking cessation for those
individuals.
Aims and methods. A
novel behavioral treatment to help dual cigarette and e-cigarette users quit
smoking was tested in a randomized pilot with a state tobacco quitline.
Ninety-six dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes were recruited from
incoming state quitline callers and randomized to receive enhanced e-cigarette
coaching (EEC) or quitline treatment as usual (TAU) to examine EEC feasibility
and acceptability. Outcomes at 3 months were treatment satisfaction,
engagement, beliefs, and smoking cessation. This pilot was not powered to
detect differences in quit rates.
Results. Sixty-nine
percent responded to the 3-month survey. EEC treatment satisfaction was
noninferior to TAU: 93.8% (30/32) of EEC and 73.5% (25/34) of TAU reported
being "very satisfied" or "satisfied" with treatment,
respectively. EEC participants completed more coaching calls than TAU (M = 3.4
vs. M = 2.7, p = .03), and the majority in both groups elected to receive
nicotine replacement therapy (EEC: 100%, TAU: 94%, p = .24). With missing data
imputed as smoking, intent-to-treat 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence
rates were 41.3% (19/46) for EEC and 28.0% (14/50) for TAU (p = .20).
Conclusions. The
EEC quitline intervention for dual cigarette and e-cigarette users demonstrated
high levels of treatment satisfaction and engagement. This pilot was not
powered to detect significant differences in smoking cessation; however,
cessation rates were promising and warrant evaluation in a fully powered trial.
Implications. If
this scalable behavioral treatment to help dual cigarette and e-cigarette users
quit smoking proves to be effective in a larger trial, quitlines could
implement this harm reduction approach to improve outcomes for callers who
already use e-cigarettes and are planning to use them while quitting smoking.
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